devxcode

CSR Decoder

Decode a PKCS#10 request — subject, key, requested SANs and attributes — and see what a CA will reject, entirely on this device.

0 bytes uploaded

Common name——Key——DER size——

Drop a .csr or .der file here — reading it starts no upload and no enrolment.

Subject distinguished name, attribute by attribute
AttributeValueDER string type
Paste or drop a certification request and its fields appear here.
0 characters · Format: auto

Reads one certification request up to 65536 bytes. · Each table below is a scrollable region: press Tab to focus it, then the arrow keys to read it.

Notes from this decode

    Stored only on this device —

    A PRIVATE KEY block was pasted with this request. It was not decoded, nothing left this device, and it is hidden below — but treat that key as compromised if this text has been shared anywhere.

    The signature is reported as present, with its algorithm and its size. It is not verified here: proving possession of the private key is the CA's job, and this page never has that key.

    This page reads a request. It does not create one, does not submit it to a CA, and does not check a key and a request against each other.

    What you paste is never stored — not in this browser, not anywhere else. Only the view and format settings above are kept, and they are kept on this device.

    A shared link carries the view and format settings above and nothing else — the request you pasted cannot travel in it.

    This paste is credential-shaped. It is not stored, and it cannot travel in a shared link — the link has no field for it.

    Keyboard: Ctrl ↵ — Copy the pane you are looking at · e — Expand or collapse every structure · f — Cycle the input format: auto, PEM, hex, Base64

    Do it offline:$ openssl req -in request.csr -noout -text

    How to use it

    1. Paste the request, drop a .csr or .der file, or paste raw DER as hex or Base64. A badge names the form the bytes were read as; press f to state the form you expected and be told when the bytes disagree.
    2. Read Before you send first: every line is a statement with its reason, never a score and never a grade, so a missing alternative name reads as what an authority will see.
    3. Open Subject, Key, Requested extensions and Attributes for the detail. A challengePassword arrives masked behind its own reveal control, and an identifier this decoder cannot name keeps its bytes in place.
    4. Copy the pane you are reading, or copy one structure's bytes as hex from its own row. A shared link and the downloadable state file carry the view you left open and no part of what you pasted.

    A certification request is what you hand an authority before any certificate exists: the name you are asking for, the public half of a key you already hold, and the extensions you would like copied across. Paste one and every field an issuer will read is printed, with plain observations beside it. The bytes stay on this device.

    Examples

    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
    MIIEAjCCAuoCAQAwgZMxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkdCMQ8wDQYDVQQIDAZMb25kb24xEzAR
    BgNVBAcMClNob3JlZGl0Y2gxFjAUBgNVBAoMDUNTUiBTcGlrZSBMdGQxDDAKBgNV
    BAsMA09wczEYMBYGA1UEAwwPY3NyLmV4YW1wbGUubmV0MR4wHAYJKoZIhvcNAQkB
    Fg9jc3JAZXhhbXBsZS5uZXQwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIB
    AQDWGxxA2NgNMX6ccvNsvRz3v08lbCPVR7KL3DUBUkqSiyqmUlxw4pEIN/Gxm0+N
    tBe3XXKZM37hb7o6DpvEbBB+r9yE2Cw16ThOJ9mGoGAQEHk4CbAp3OK/1VNI1E8X
    KKUQyJmDRMaR33Mx6PvFs4T4QmdpzXhLdDcNNXzpTnqnOz+rNsIE6yRBwKvrIl1u
    ABmGcEVc2F46L9FugruV7VXTcVxbCNbO+UIh8Pp6wyZHuIRPaEptbCJ12cXUMnGM
    X7yQDitsDvaKvRLgeN9baLsCEjdqTLUYAYpqZCryj2FF4oy712SVYlP7buXDeG0F
    M/3zq82Feg72YcqRLbQBuCJPAgMBAAGgggEnMCEGCSqGSIb3DQEJBzEUDBJzcGlr
    ZS1jaGFsbGVuZ2UtNDIwJQYJKoZIhvcNAQkCMRgMFmNzci1zcGlrZS11bnN0cnVj
    dHVyZWQwgdoGCSqGSIb3DQEJDjGBzDCByTCBrgYDVR0RBIGmMIGjgg9jc3IuZXhh
    bXBsZS5uZXSCE2FsdC5jc3IuZXhhbXBsZS5uZXSCESouY3NyLmV4YW1wbGUubmV0
    hwTLAHEFhxAgAQ24AAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgQ9jc3JAZXhhbXBsZS5uZXSGHmh0dHBz
    Oi8vY3NyLmV4YW1wbGUubmV0L2Vucm9sbKAfBgorBgEEAYI3FAIDoBEMD29wc0Bl
    eGFtcGxlLm5ldDALBgNVHQ8EBAMCBaAwCQYDVR0TBAIwADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF
    AAOCAQEAAUxe/tBT6MiuDgzT40eYQQGcN4n1vsM1QQ4QllyEKW3m5v8DBWZIZMob
    xZpAfnpZBTGaF8RncqY1KzkKGL0VC61Vhaa89QzaXlWyFs0ZYcEzN9tlVVsT4CyD
    pL63d7mO4k5EAS6sIPCRHki7bjs/gV+xQjcCgH+riwE3dAu7RC+yL5vApJfmjnBv
    XT/aVotZGHKHNB+5WYkWFWWtMmkGJOMnjwKQc8EYm0SEqBWzbxTh76wyG2cwEMCv
    vvI+qFJ4wFxMZqKH6iKNcRRkZHwBumqmfEbsY/XTFKJLwaMcYpLsbNJqESu2xU5C
    YXw13gd15Cjs+yVWtsoeD6ccTH5Deg==
    -----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
    
    Form: pem (CERTIFICATE REQUEST)
    Version: v1 (INTEGER 0)
    Subject: C=GB, ST=London, L=Shoreditch, O=CSR Spike Ltd, OU=Ops, CN=csr.example.net, emailAddress=csr@example.net
    Key: rsaEncryption (1.2.840.113549.1.1.1), 2048-bit modulus, exponent 65537
    Signature: sha256WithRSAEncryption (1.2.840.113549.1.1.11), 2048-bit — presence reported, validity not checked
    DER SHA-256: 0b8ebc76ad8d950b1aaaa2b0e851a2e9e27d1740249c6a219e7407d298b931b7
    SPKI SHA-256: b0cf8de001fa8fe892a62052d7299218d319633d19fa77914b5e77da9e0d22a5
    Requested extensions: 3
      subjectAltName (2.5.29.17)
        DNS: csr.example.net
        DNS: alt.csr.example.net
        DNS: *.csr.example.net
        IP: 203.0.113.5
        IP: 2001:db8::1
        email: csr@example.net
        URI: https://csr.example.net/enroll
        otherName: userPrincipalName: ops@example.net
      keyUsage (2.5.29.15)
        digitalSignature
        keyEncipherment
      basicConstraints (2.5.29.19)
        CA: false
    Attributes: 3
      challengePassword (1.2.840.113549.1.9.7) — value hidden
      unstructuredName (1.2.840.113549.1.9.2) — csr-spike-unstructured [UTF8String]
      extensionRequest (1.2.840.113549.1.9.14)
    Before you send:
      ok · CN_PRESENT — The subject common name is csr.example.net.
      ok · SUBJECT_MINIMAL — The subject holds 7 relative distinguished names.
      ok · EXTENSION_REQUEST_PRESENT — The extensionRequest attribute (1.2.840.113549.1.9.14) is present and carries 3 extension(s). This is the only place a CSR can ask for SANs or key usage.
      ok · SAN_PRESENT — A subjectAltName extension is requested, which is the list browsers actually match against.
      ok · SAN_COUNT — 8 subject alternative name(s) are requested, including the DNS name(s) csr.example.net, alt.csr.example.net, *.csr.example.net.
      ok · CN_IN_SAN — The common name csr.example.net is covered by the requested DNS SAN list.
      ok · WILDCARD_CN — The common name csr.example.net is not a wildcard.
      ok · KEY_STRENGTH — The key is RSA 2048-bit, at or above the 2048-bit floor public CAs have required since 2014 (CA/Browser Forum Baseline Requirements §6.1.5).
      ok · RSA_EXPONENT — The RSA public exponent is 65537, the value every mainstream generator emits.
      ok · SIGNATURE_DIGEST — This request is signed with sha256WithRSAEncryption. That signature is proof of possession of the private key — this tool reports that it is present and does not verify it.
      ok · CHALLENGE_PASSWORD_PRESENT — A challengePassword attribute is present (RFC 2985 §5.4.1). Its value is hidden here. Some enrolment systems require it; most public CAs ignore it, and it travels in the request in the clear.

    The everyday case: alternative names, key usage and a challenge password, all arriving inside the extensionRequest attribute — the only place a request can ask for anything. The challenge value stays hidden.

    MIHUMHsCAQAwGTEXMBUGA1UEAwwOZWMuZXhhbXBsZS5vcmcwWTATBgcqhkjOPQIB
    BggqhkjOPQMBBwNCAARREvumcT0qK7jcr0OvRJ7sF0n6sWfOjlQ3puSo8lhCc6Gu
    Uk3ZvVTfdcyIuPrfaQJ8dUbXlwgIhs3rB0ds0pdroAAwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIDSQAw
    RgIhAOuSCYWwzXZz/NtaOIgF1gmC8TnPMChoBuCQHtPgDEDhAiEAqQTWlxIFAsgq
    4q0up02mVF/1LTz07+w+2uOsfkHczuM=
    
    Form: base64
    Version: v1 (INTEGER 0)
    Subject: CN=ec.example.org
    Key: id-ecPublicKey (1.2.840.10045.2.1), curve P-256
    Signature: ecdsa-with-SHA256 (1.2.840.10045.4.3.2), 576-bit — presence reported, validity not checked
    DER SHA-256: 3035734ba5a31fb676e91836bb2e2b19b405cf80cd78578d05e2c7841a09ac44
    SPKI SHA-256: 63e3b86cbb85d88b9aedc23c6e4b3f1072c035fc95de372e9b1ee972715cee85
    Requested extensions: 0
    Attributes: 0
    Before you send:
      ok · CN_PRESENT — The subject common name is ec.example.org.
      note · SUBJECT_MINIMAL — The subject holds one relative distinguished name. Public CAs issue against that for domain validation; organisation-validated products usually also require O, L, ST and C.
      missing · EXTENSION_REQUEST_PRESENT — There is no extensionRequest attribute, so this request asks for no extensions at all. Anything the certificate needs — SANs, key usage — would have to come from the CA's own profile.
      missing · SAN_PRESENT — No subjectAltName is requested. Browsers match a hostname only against the SAN list and ignore the common name entirely (RFC 6125 §6.4.4), so a certificate issued from this request would not match any name in a browser unless the CA adds one.
      missing · SAN_COUNT — The requested SAN list is empty.
      missing · CN_IN_SAN — There is no SAN list to compare the common name ec.example.org against.
      ok · WILDCARD_CN — The common name ec.example.org is not a wildcard.
      ok · KEY_STRENGTH — The key is an elliptic-curve key on P-256. Public CAs accept P-256, P-384 and P-521 (Baseline Requirements §6.1.5).
      ok · SIGNATURE_DIGEST — This request is signed with ecdsa-with-SHA256. That signature is proof of possession of the private key — this tool reports that it is present and does not verify it.
      missing · CHALLENGE_PASSWORD_PRESENT — There is no challengePassword attribute. Public CAs do not need one; some enterprise and SCEP enrolments do.
    T_WHITESPACE: Whitespace and line breaks were ignored

    A Base64 body with no fence around it, which needs no label to decode. This request asks for nothing at all: one common name, an elliptic-curve key, and not a single attribute.

    308202b43082019c02010030313118301606035504030c0f7777772e6578616d
    706c652e6f726731153013060355040a0c0c4d69736d61746368204c74643082
    0122300d06092a864886f70d01010105000382010f003082010a0282010100d6
    1b1c40d8d80d317e9c72f36cbd1cf7bf4f256c23d547b28bdc3501524a928b2a
    a6525c70e2910837f1b19b4f8db417b75d7299337ee16fba3a0e9bc46c107eaf
    dc84d82c35e9384e27d986a0601010793809b029dce2bfd55348d44f1728a510
    c8998344c691df7331e8fbc5b384f8426769cd784b74370d357ce94e7aa73b3f
    ab36c204eb2441c0abeb225d6e00198670455cd85e3a2fd16e82bb95ed55d371
    5c5b08d6cef94221f0fa7ac32647b8844f684a6d6c2275d9c5d432718c5fbc90
    0e2b6c0ef68abd12e078df5b68bb0212376a4cb518018a6a642af28f6145e28c
    bbd764956253fb6ee5c3786d0533fdf3abcd857a0ef661ca912db401b8224f02
    03010001a03e303c06092a864886f70d01090e312f302d302b0603551d110424
    3022820f6170692e6578616d706c652e6f7267820f63646e2e6578616d706c65
    2e6f7267300d06092a864886f70d01010b050003820101004597f4afd5b661da
    22558eafd63a25b410e5b1047067f1d8fd23129d31b9932bd3a528cc46446e00
    96eb7fa55e7f50e4205cd18da1d97e24d176f55966ea185b096f7254e32d9381
    17537282199338e0f8a28e86c8998b764b783c5356bb1e5ef616a3523d98a56a
    04d33a8eacd36be8ceb4a3483ceaf358397b3712643b842898359694ff198da7
    403b0e1ab5aef84c943531763efb05877bf91748203fcf0ff9f114f6c2f9729d
    a3c9be4b7d3caefc4e61fd4292ef6c6ac305d04a7ec97bdfee39f1c689ed9fb1
    ea4d019a66005e92b4a94ffb14fd2cf23302b5a65485eacd2bbdbf38b3c99568
    cd0b6313eb915f99cec876efe8f230f39b2aa3431d11aff1
    
    Form: hex
    Version: v1 (INTEGER 0)
    Subject: CN=www.example.org, O=Mismatch Ltd
    Key: rsaEncryption (1.2.840.113549.1.1.1), 2048-bit modulus, exponent 65537
    Signature: sha256WithRSAEncryption (1.2.840.113549.1.1.11), 2048-bit — presence reported, validity not checked
    DER SHA-256: 8c3a075793c60ebc9f3c02fec7cb776afb6310a3a607701d7ae88fb81635a6c1
    SPKI SHA-256: b0cf8de001fa8fe892a62052d7299218d319633d19fa77914b5e77da9e0d22a5
    Requested extensions: 1
      subjectAltName (2.5.29.17)
        DNS: api.example.org
        DNS: cdn.example.org
    Attributes: 1
      extensionRequest (1.2.840.113549.1.9.14)
    Before you send:
      ok · CN_PRESENT — The subject common name is www.example.org.
      ok · SUBJECT_MINIMAL — The subject holds 2 relative distinguished names.
      ok · EXTENSION_REQUEST_PRESENT — The extensionRequest attribute (1.2.840.113549.1.9.14) is present and carries 1 extension(s). This is the only place a CSR can ask for SANs or key usage.
      ok · SAN_PRESENT — A subjectAltName extension is requested, which is the list browsers actually match against.
      ok · SAN_COUNT — 2 subject alternative name(s) are requested, including the DNS name(s) api.example.org, cdn.example.org.
      note · CN_IN_SAN — The common name www.example.org does not appear in the requested SAN list (api.example.org, cdn.example.org). A browser would not accept a certificate issued from this request for www.example.org.
      ok · WILDCARD_CN — The common name www.example.org is not a wildcard.
      ok · KEY_STRENGTH — The key is RSA 2048-bit, at or above the 2048-bit floor public CAs have required since 2014 (CA/Browser Forum Baseline Requirements §6.1.5).
      ok · RSA_EXPONENT — The RSA public exponent is 65537, the value every mainstream generator emits.
      ok · SIGNATURE_DIGEST — This request is signed with sha256WithRSAEncryption. That signature is proof of possession of the private key — this tool reports that it is present and does not verify it.
      missing · CHALLENGE_PASSWORD_PRESENT — There is no challengePassword attribute. Public CAs do not need one; some enterprise and SCEP enrolments do.
    T_SEPARATORS: Separators (colons/spaces/commas/line breaks) were ignored

    Raw DER pasted as hex. The subject names one host, the requested list names two others, and a certificate issued from this would match neither name in its own subject.

    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    MIICvDCCAaQCCQCYPt/qciQozjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAgMR4wHAYDVQQDDBVu
    b3QtYS1jc3IuZXhhbXBsZS5jb20wHhcNMjYwODE4MDUwNjE5WhcNMjYwOTE3MDUw
    NjE5WjAgMR4wHAYDVQQDDBVub3QtYS1jc3IuZXhhbXBsZS5jb20wggEiMA0GCSqG
    SIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDWGxxA2NgNMX6ccvNsvRz3v08lbCPVR7KL
    3DUBUkqSiyqmUlxw4pEIN/Gxm0+NtBe3XXKZM37hb7o6DpvEbBB+r9yE2Cw16ThO
    J9mGoGAQEHk4CbAp3OK/1VNI1E8XKKUQyJmDRMaR33Mx6PvFs4T4QmdpzXhLdDcN
    NXzpTnqnOz+rNsIE6yRBwKvrIl1uABmGcEVc2F46L9FugruV7VXTcVxbCNbO+UIh
    8Pp6wyZHuIRPaEptbCJ12cXUMnGMX7yQDitsDvaKvRLgeN9baLsCEjdqTLUYAYpq
    ZCryj2FF4oy712SVYlP7buXDeG0FM/3zq82Feg72YcqRLbQBuCJPAgMBAAEwDQYJ
    KoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEBAG9hklKsnxA3cFya0LXtLNRRylfVrs/q1z/N5X4l3GH7
    dDddEIKxTOjYSfDeTn7j2bBRzkXzXojoYQSXV+t/kzOOE9vn1Ok9LksCeQmtRGGu
    Q1itZETbys9ZLNmKyYU6/Vu42ucJb4uOEvUmRqWWNXSbbYkiFlrk4TS7Yvaw/H8S
    m0mMgUro9lv0s4VVEzGn7I+OPzuorgmeO9PIUWn8oQ/F94DzU3gM94g+xMnrc5MR
    kMRF+Qe11tFEx53mWOpf7uY70IDkzXq2XOSa+XNP+5J2lHXcTmJthdlNWGHw5ZjH
    3tgsI52o2SKzsopV6/k6xG0+bJ6nMQOr0ZyHAY90P/0=
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    
    This is a CERTIFICATE block, not a certificate request — it is what a CA sends back, not what you send them. Decode it with the certificate decoder.

    The refusal you are likeliest to meet, and it is the answer rather than the question: a certificate carries an issuer, a validity window and someone else's signature.

    MIICdTCCAV0CAQAwMDEbMBkGA1UEAwwSKi53aWxkLmV4YW1wbGUuY29tMREwDwYD
    VQQKDAhXaWxkIEx0ZDCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBANYb
    HEDY2A0xfpxy82y9HPe/TyVsI9VHsovcNQFSSpKLKqZSXHDikQg38bGbT420F7dd
    cpkzfuFvujoOm8RsEH6v3ITYLDXpOE4n2YagYBAQeTgJsCnc4r/VU0jUTxcopRDI
    mYNExpHfczHo+8WzhPhCZ2nNeEt0Nw01fOlOeqc7P6s2wgTrJEHAq+siXW4AGYZw
    RVzYXjov0W6Cu5XtVdNxXFsI1s75QiHw+nrDJke4hE9oSm1sInXZxdQycYxfvJAO
    K2wO9oq9EuB431touwISN2pMtRgBimpkKvKPYUXijLvXZJViU/tu5cN4bQUz/fOr
    zYV6DvZhypEttAG4Ik8CAwEAAaAAMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQCeEWeGWIJf
    pqRP5kLnxmhMK4Xfv8hAZmBATjYcdzxT6Vsmi03ga7JSXi4hwUMMT/9rNCHjyaon
    xdoz9lOAWMMG97MUOxddFZQmPL8Zw7daVyFcZBS+tG4LD+2f9zApvK02vcE7dAwD
    uKYhrzZEkhhK4zn6lMDdCxuINT0mLkfsYily8VI+bE8h/s2yuYpnTWpk/3mfA4UF
    3W1k3T2i7pLQSHz6fu9UoI5TYmSkC89S1S0XC0O8UpcZN4Qn85A3crcztLh+3mcq
    PNo2rstheqRxoC7f7YXy93EmUZB5FUUqWok/8OVgvhzVfehLDyM4PK7quKXxkdGp
    rx+PdO6FNRTP
    
    Form: base64
    Version: v1 (INTEGER 0)
    Subject: CN=*.wild.example.com, O=Wild Ltd
    Key: rsaEncryption (1.2.840.113549.1.1.1), 2048-bit modulus, exponent 65537
    Signature: sha1WithRSAEncryption (1.2.840.113549.1.1.5), 2048-bit — presence reported, validity not checked
    DER SHA-256: f9bd2203bfc4f105318e3da7171966c4b15583e94ef215c38bf08b2fd49b6a63
    SPKI SHA-256: b0cf8de001fa8fe892a62052d7299218d319633d19fa77914b5e77da9e0d22a5
    Requested extensions: 0
    Attributes: 0
    Before you send:
      ok · CN_PRESENT — The subject common name is *.wild.example.com.
      ok · SUBJECT_MINIMAL — The subject holds 2 relative distinguished names.
      missing · EXTENSION_REQUEST_PRESENT — There is no extensionRequest attribute, so this request asks for no extensions at all. Anything the certificate needs — SANs, key usage — would have to come from the CA's own profile.
      missing · SAN_PRESENT — No subjectAltName is requested. Browsers match a hostname only against the SAN list and ignore the common name entirely (RFC 6125 §6.4.4), so a certificate issued from this request would not match any name in a browser unless the CA adds one.
      missing · SAN_COUNT — The requested SAN list is empty.
      missing · CN_IN_SAN — There is no SAN list to compare the common name *.wild.example.com against.
      note · WILDCARD_CN — The common name *.wild.example.com is a wildcard. It matches one label only — wild.example.com itself is not covered unless it is also in the SAN list — and CAs validate wildcard requests differently from plain ones.
      ok · KEY_STRENGTH — The key is RSA 2048-bit, at or above the 2048-bit floor public CAs have required since 2014 (CA/Browser Forum Baseline Requirements §6.1.5).
      ok · RSA_EXPONENT — The RSA public exponent is 65537, the value every mainstream generator emits.
      note · SIGNATURE_DIGEST — This request is signed with sha1WithRSAEncryption, whose digest is SHA-1 or weaker. Many CA enrolment endpoints reject a request signed that way. The signature proves you hold the private key; it does not decide the digest the CA will sign the certificate with.
      missing · CHALLENGE_PASSWORD_PRESENT — There is no challengePassword attribute. Public CAs do not need one; some enterprise and SCEP enrolments do.
    T_WHITESPACE: Whitespace and line breaks were ignored

    Two observations worth having before an enrolment form returns them: a wildcard common name covers a single label, and SHA-1 in a signature algorithm is widely refused.

    Every example on this page is executed against the same engine that powers the tool, on every build.

    Gotchas worth knowing

    Two spellings of the same fence

    RFC 7468 §2 registers CERTIFICATE REQUEST, and openssl req -newhdr still writes NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST; both open here, and the label found is reported. Text above the fence, Windows line endings and an unwrapped body are read as they arrive.

    Version 0 is version 1

    The version field holds INTEGER 0, which RFC 2986 §4.1 defines as v1 — the only version there has ever been. Both numbers are printed together, so a console and this page cannot look like they disagree.

    A request with no subject in it

    An empty subject is legal when identity lives in the requested subjectAltName, and it is equally what a broken template produces. The case is named rather than left blank, with the requested names printed beside it.

    Identifiers this decoder cannot name

    Enterprise enrolment is full of private arcs. An attribute or requested extension outside the registry keeps its dotted arc, its critical marker and its bytes, with a subtree in place and a control that copies that value as hex.

    The cap, the key half, and what a link carries

    One request at a time: 131072 characters of pasted text and 65536 bytes of DER, both named in the refusal, against a real RSA-4096 request of under two kilobytes. No field of the shared state can hold your input.

    Common errors

    This is a CERTIFICATE block, not a certificate request — it is what a CA sends back, not what you send them. Decode it with the certificate decoder.
    The commonest mix-up, and the two do look alike from outside. The message names the label it found and stops there rather than half-reading the wrong structure.
    These bytes do not open with the SEQUENCE that RFC 2986 §4 requires, so there is no certification request to read.
    Bytes arrived and decoded, but the shape underneath is not a request — usually a fragment of a larger file, or a Base64 body that was cut short.
    The certification request ends at byte 1030, but the input holds 3 more byte(s). A request ends with its signature, so the extra bytes are not part of it and were not decoded.
    The request parsed completely and something followed it. The counts come from the decode itself, so a stray newline and a second blob pasted underneath are told apart by size.
    This input is 200000 characters, over the 131072-character limit for a certificate request. A real CSR is a few kilobytes; paste just the request.
    The character cap is measured before anything is decoded; the byte cap of 65536 applies after. Both are printed in the refusal, so neither has to be looked up.

    FAQ

    Why does openssl print my challengePassword as unable to print attribute?

    Because that printer declines to render the attribute, not because the value is broken. Running openssl req -text over the first example prints exactly challengePassword :unable to print attribute, while the same request decodes here with its value read from the DER and shown masked.

    Does a clean readout mean the authority will accept the request?

    No. You get presence, not approval: the fields that were encoded, and observations tied to published thresholds such as the CA/Browser Forum Baseline Requirements on key size and exponent. Enrolment policies differ, and the signature is reported as present without being verified.

    What happens to a private key pasted here by mistake?

    It is refused rather than parsed, and the refusal says so. Its engine and island hold no fetch, XMLHttpRequest, sendBeacon, EventSource or WebSocket call, proved by grep on every test run, and the single link out of the tool does not prefetch — so nothing you paste is sent anywhere, and nothing you paste is stored.

    Keyboard shortcuts

    ⌘/Ctrl + Enter
    Copy the pane you are looking at, whichever one is open.
    e
    Expand or collapse every structure at once; single-key bindings honour the kill switch.
    f
    Cycle the input format: auto, then PEM, then hex, then Base64.

    Nothing you paste here leaves this tab. State only ever travels in links you explicitly create.

    RFC 2986 §4 — PKCS #10 CertificationRequest syntax · RFC 2985 §5.4 — PKCS #9 attributes: challengePassword, extensionRequest · RFC 5280 §4.1.2.4 — Name and RDNSequence · RFC 5280 §4.2.1.6 — Subject Alternative Name · RFC 7468 §2 — Textual encoding, CERTIFICATE REQUEST label · RFC 8017 §A.1 — RSASSA-PSS parameters · ITU-T X.690 — BER, CER and DER encoding rules

    Last reviewed: 2026-08-18

    esc

    Data Formats & Conversion

    • JSON FormatterPretty-print JSON with configurable indentation — big numbers preserved exactly, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON ValidatorSyntax-check JSON with the exact line, column and probable cause of every error — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON MinifierStrip insignificant whitespace from JSON — values and key order byte-identical, gzip savings measured, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Tree ViewerNavigate huge JSON as a collapsible, searchable tree — copy any value or path, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON EditorEdit JSON in a tree, table or text view — every change re-renders the other two and big numbers stay exact, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Diff / CompareCompare two JSON documents structurally — key order ignored, big numbers exact, RFC 6902 patch export — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Repair / FixerTurn almost-JSON into valid JSON with a logged, visible fix for every change — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON SorterSort JSON object keys recursively — ascending or descending, on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Escape / UnescapeBackslash-escape text into a JSON string body — or unescape one back to text — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Stringify / UnstringifyWrap a JSON document as a quoted, escaped JSON string token — and unstringify it back — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to One LineCollapse JSON to a single line for logs, env vars and inline config — readable spacing or fully compact, big numbers preserved exactly, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Flatten / UnflattenFlatten nested JSON to dot- or bracket-path keys and unflatten it back — big numbers exact, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Graph VisualizerSee any JSON document as an interactive, collapsible node graph — pan, zoom and copy any path, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • NDJSON / JSON Lines ConverterReshape JSON between a single array and one-record-per-line NDJSON — losslessly, with every line validated, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSONPath TesterEvaluate a JSONPath expression against your JSON and see every match highlighted in the source — RFC 9535 semantics, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Path FinderClick any node in a JSON tree to copy its JSONPath, jq, JS, or RFC 6901 JSON Pointer path — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • jq PlaygroundRun jq filters over your JSON in-browser — jq 1.8.2 on WebAssembly, stdout and errors verbatim, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Schema ValidatorCheck a JSON document against a JSON Schema and see every violation with its data path and schema path — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Schema GeneratorPaste sample JSON, get a JSON Schema in the draft you target — required derived from what the samples actually show, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Schema to Sample JSONTurn a JSON Schema into valid example data — one integer seed makes it reproducible, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Schema to TypeScriptPaste a JSON Schema, get TypeScript types — local $ref and $defs resolved, every dropped keyword named, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON Schema to ZodTurn a JSON Schema into Zod source with z.infer types — every dropped constraint named, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to TypeScriptPaste sample JSON, get idiomatic TypeScript interfaces — multi-sample optionality and real unions, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Go StructGenerate idiomatic Go structs with correct json tags and initialisms from sample JSON — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to C# ClassesGenerate C# classes or records from sample JSON, matched to System.Text.Json or Newtonsoft — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Java POJOGenerate Java POJOs or records with the right annotation stack from sample JSON — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Python / PydanticGenerate Pydantic v2 models, dataclasses or TypedDicts from sample JSON — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Rust SerdeGenerate Rust serde structs from sample JSON with correct Option<T> optionality and exact 64-bit integers — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Kotlin Data ClassGenerate Kotlin data classes with kotlinx.serialization or Jackson annotations from sample JSON — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Swift CodableGenerate Swift Codable structs or classes from sample JSON, with CodingKeys for wire names — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Zod SchemaPaste sample JSON, get a Zod schema plus z.infer types — optionality from multiple samples, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to GraphQL SDLPaste sample JSON, get GraphQL SDL types — nullability read from your samples, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to SQL DDLGenerate CREATE TABLE DDL from sample JSON for four SQL dialects, with three honest shapes for nested data — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • TypeScript to JSON SchemaTurn TypeScript interfaces and type aliases into a JSON Schema or Zod schema — unsupported types are named, never guessed — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • JSON to Protobuf DefinitionTurn sample JSON into a proto3 .proto message with stable field numbers — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • YAML Validator / LinterSyntax-check YAML with the exact line, column and cause of every error — plus lint warnings on valid files, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • YAML FormatterRe-indent YAML without losing comments or rewriting your numbers — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • YAML to JSON ConverterConvert YAML to JSON or JSON to YAML with anchors, multi-document streams and type quirks handled honestly — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • YAML to XML / CSV ConverterConvert YAML to XML, XML back to YAML, or list-shaped YAML to CSV/TSV — every dropped construct counted — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • YAML Diff / CompareCompare two YAML documents structurally — added, removed, changed and retyped keys, order-insensitive by default, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML FormatterPretty-print XML without corrupting mixed content, CDATA or comments — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML ValidatorCheck XML well-formedness with the exact line, column and paired open-tag position of every error — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML MinifierStrip insignificant whitespace from XML — mixed content, CDATA and preserved subtrees byte-identical, savings measured, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML Tree ViewerNavigate large XML as a collapsible tree — search names, see namespaces, copy any node's XPath, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XPath TesterEvaluate an XPath 1.0 expression against your XML and see every matched node with its line and path — namespace prefixes bound explicitly, on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML DiffCompare two XML documents by structure — added, removed and changed elements, attributes and text, addressed by node path — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML Escape / UnescapeEscape text for XML element or attribute contexts — or unescape entities and character references — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML to JSON ConverterConvert XML to JSON — and back — with explicit attribute, array, and mixed-content semantics, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • XML to CSV ConverterTurn repeating XML records into CSV, TSV or an .xlsx workbook — you pick the row element — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV to JSON ConverterConvert CSV to JSON or JSON to CSV — streaming to 100 MB, type-safe by default — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV Editor & ViewerOpen a CSV in a grid, edit cells, rows and columns, then export it with your delimiter and quoting intact — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV to SQL ConverterGenerate CREATE TABLE and batched INSERT statements from CSV or JSON, with dialect-correct quoting and escaping — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV to Excel ConverterCSV to XLSX and back without Excel's mangling — leading zeros, IDs and dates survive, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV to Markdown TableTurn CSV or TSV into a GitHub-ready Markdown pipe table — or paste a Markdown table and get CSV back — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV to HTML TableTurn CSV or TSV into a semantic, injection-safe HTML table — or paste a table back and get CSV — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV to TSV ConverterChange a CSV's delimiter to tab, semicolon, pipe or anything you type — re-quoted correctly, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV ValidatorCheck a CSV against RFC 4180 and get every ragged row, stray quote and encoding problem with its row and column — on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV Diff / CompareCompare two CSV exports row by row — added, removed and changed rows, cell-level detail, optional key-column match — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • Remove Duplicate Rows (CSV)Drop repeated CSV rows by whole row or chosen columns, then sort and filter what is left — header kept, counts shown, all on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV Split & MergeSplit a CSV into parts by rows, part count or size — header repeated in every part — and merge exports back into one file, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • CSV Column ToolsPull one column out of a CSV as a plain list, or drop, reorder, rename and insert columns and download the new file — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • Excel Paste to JSON/MarkdownTurn a range copied from Excel, Google Sheets or Numbers into JSON or a Markdown table — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • TOML to JSON ConverterConvert TOML to JSON or JSON to TOML with tables, dotted keys and all four datetime types handled honestly — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • TOML to YAML ConverterConvert TOML to YAML or YAML to TOML with datetimes, nulls, anchors and comments all accounted for — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • Properties to YAML ConverterConvert .properties to nested YAML or YAML back to .properties — dotted keys, indexed lists and \uXXXX escapes handled honestly — entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • Protobuf Wire DecoderDecode protobuf bytes with no .proto — field numbers, wire types and ranked value guesses, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion
    • Avro Schema GeneratorPaste sample JSON, get a valid Avro .avsc — nullable unions with defaults and honest int-versus-long, entirely on this device.Data Formats & Conversion

    Encoding & Escaping

    • Base64 EncoderConvert text or files to Base64 with correct Unicode handling — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base64 DecoderDecode Base64 to text, bytes, or a downloadable file — tolerant of the real-world mess.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base64URL Encoder/DecoderEncode and decode RFC 4648 §5 URL-safe Base64 with JWT-strict padding control — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base64 to Image ConverterPaste Base64 or a data: URI and see the image instantly — or turn an image file into copy-ready Base64 snippets, on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base64 File ConverterDrop any file and stream it to Base64 with live progress — or turn Base64 back into a named, downloadable file, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base64 to Hex ConverterPivot Base64 to hex and hex back to Base64 without a text detour — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base32 Encoder/DecoderDecode and encode Base32 — RFC 4648, base32hex and Crockford, strict or tolerant — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Base58 Encoder/DecoderEncode and decode Base58 with the Bitcoin/IPFS alphabet — leading zeros preserved, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Hex Encoder/Decoder + Dump ViewerConvert bytes to hex and back, and inspect any file in a classic offset/hex/ASCII dump — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Binary Text ConverterTurn binary byte groups into text and text into binary — with decimal, octal and hex views — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • URL Encoder/DecoderPercent-encode and decode URLs with the encodeURIComponent vs encodeURI difference made explicit — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • HTML Entity Encoder/DecoderConvert characters to HTML entities and back — named, decimal or hex — with a searchable reference table, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • HTML Context EscaperEscape a string for the HTML element, attribute, JavaScript or URL context — OWASP output-encoding rules applied per sink, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Punycode / IDN ConverterConvert xn-- domains to Unicode and back, label by label, with mixed-script flags — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Unicode Escape ToolEscape text to \uXXXX, \u{…}, \xXX, CSS, U+ or HTML hex notation and decode any mix of them back — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • String Escaper (Multi-language)Escape or unescape a string literal for JSON, JavaScript, Java, C#, C, Python, SQL or POSIX shell — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • ROT13 / Caesar CipherRotate text through ROT13, any Caesar shift, ROT5, ROT18 or ROT47 — with an all-25-shifts panel for unknown puzzles, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • XOR Encoder / Brute-forcerApply a repeating XOR key to text, hex or Base64, or rank all 256 single-byte keys by printable ratio — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Morse Code TranslatorTranslate text to ITU Morse code and Morse back to text, with tolerant decoding and optional audio — entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • GZip / zlib ToolDecompress or compress gzip, zlib and raw DEFLATE streams — pastes or files, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping
    • Data URI GeneratorTurn any file or text into a self-contained data: URI — MIME sniffed or chosen, Base64 or percent-encoded, entirely on this device.Encoding & Escaping

    Hashing & Checksums

    • MD5 Hash GeneratorCompute MD5 checksums of text, hex or Base64 bytes and files up to 64 MB — entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • SHA-1 Hash GeneratorCompute the SHA-1 digest of text, hex or Base64 bytes — entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • SHA-256 Hash GeneratorCompute the SHA-256 digest of text or a file — hex and Base64, entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • SHA-384/512 Hash GeneratorCompute the SHA-512 or SHA-384 digest of text or raw bytes — hex and Base64, entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • SHA-3 / Keccak GeneratorSee the SHA-3 and Keccak digests of the same bytes side by side — including Ethereum keccak256, computed entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • CRC CalculatorCompute CRC32, CRC16 or CRC8 with any polynomial, init, reflection and xorout — entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • File Checksum VerifierDrop a file, paste the published checksum, get a MATCH or MISMATCH verdict — multi-GB downloads verified entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • Multi-hash GeneratorHash one input with 16 algorithms at once — MD5 to BLAKE3 — and see which rows match a digest you already hold, entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • HMAC GeneratorCompute HMAC-SHA-256 and family with the key and message decoded exactly as your API sees them — entirely on this device.Hashing & Checksums
    • Hash IdentifierPaste a hash and see every algorithm it could be — prefixes parsed, parameters read, ambiguity shown honestly.Hashing & Checksums

    Passwords & Credentials

    • Bcrypt Generator + VerifierGenerate bcrypt hashes at any cost factor and check a password against an existing hash — the password never leaves this device.Passwords & Credentials
    • Argon2 Generator + VerifierHash a password with Argon2id at tunable memory, time and parallelism — or verify an existing hash, on this device.Passwords & Credentials
    • Htpasswd GeneratorBuild .htpasswd lines for Apache or Nginx basic auth — bcrypt, APR1 or SHA-1, hashed on this device.Passwords & Credentials
    • Password GeneratorGenerate provably unbiased, cryptographically secure passwords — on a page that stores nothing and sends nothing.Passwords & Credentials
    • Passphrase Generator (Diceware)Build a memorable passphrase from the EFF long wordlist — with the exact entropy, not a colour-coded guess.Passwords & Credentials
    • Password Strength CheckerSee exactly why a password scores the way it does — named rules, live entropy and an offline crack-time estimate, all on this device.Passwords & Credentials
    • Pwned Password CheckHash a password to its SHA-1 prefix and match a Pwned Passwords range response — entirely on this device.Passwords & Credentials
    • API Key & PIN GeneratorGenerate prefixed API keys and numeric PINs by the batch — on a page that stores nothing and sends nothing.Passwords & Credentials

    OTP & 2FA

    • TOTP Generator / DebuggerPaste a Base32 secret and see the live RFC 6238 code, the drift window and every step of the math — on this device only.OTP & 2FA

    IDs & Randomness

    • UUID v4 GeneratorGenerate one or 100,000 random v4 UUIDs in every notation a codebase demands — entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • UUID v7 GeneratorGenerate time-sortable v7 UUIDs in bulk — the embedded timestamp decoded live, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • UUID v1 GeneratorGenerate v1 UUIDs in bulk with timestamp, clock sequence and node decoded live — entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • UUID v3 GeneratorDerive deterministic v3 UUIDs from namespace + name via MD5 for legacy interop — same inputs, same UUID, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • UUID v5 GeneratorDerive deterministic v5 UUIDs from namespace + name via SHA-1 — the RFC-preferred name-based version, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • UUID v6 GeneratorGenerate time-sortable v6 UUIDs — v1's fields reordered for index locality, decoded live, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • UUID Decoder / InspectorPaste any UUID and read its version, variant and embedded timestamp — every notation accepted, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • GUID GeneratorGenerate .NET-style GUIDs in bulk — uppercase {braces}, registry form and copy-ready C# snippets, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • ULID Generator + DecoderGenerate time-sortable ULIDs — bulk, monotonic, Crockford base32 — and decode any ULID’s timestamp, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • Snowflake ID Generator + DecoderDecode a Snowflake ID to its timestamp, worker and sequence, or generate one for the Twitter or Discord epoch — entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • MongoDB ObjectId GeneratorGenerate valid 24-hex MongoDB ObjectIds and decode any ObjectId to its embedded timestamp and BSON structure — entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • Random String GeneratorGenerate cryptographically secure random strings, tokens and raw bytes — on a page that stores nothing and sends nothing.IDs & Randomness
    • Random Number GeneratorGenerate random numbers, roll dice, or shuffle and pick from a list — unbiased and entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness
    • ID Format Comparison HubCompare UUID, ULID, Snowflake and ObjectId on size, sortability, timestamps and use cases — with live samples, entirely on this device.IDs & Randomness

    JWT & Tokens

    • JWT DecoderDecode any JWT into header, payload and a plain-language claims table — expiry checked live, zero third-party code on this page.JWT & Tokens
    • JWT VerifierCheck a JWT's signature against your own key — HS, RS, ES, PS or EdDSA — with claim and clock-skew checks, entirely on this device.JWT & Tokens
    • JWT Generator / SignerBuild a header and payload, sign with your own key, and copy the token — the key never leaves this tab.JWT & Tokens
    • JWK GeneratorGenerate a key and get a proper JWK — alg, use and an RFC 7638 kid already stamped, with the JWKS wrapper you actually deploy.JWT & Tokens
    • PEM to JWK ConverterPaste a PEM key or certificate, get a JWK with alg, use and kid stamped — and back again, entirely on this device.JWT & Tokens

    PKI Certificates & SSH

    • Certificate DecoderRead what a certificate actually says — who it is for, when it expires, and every extension — without it leaving your device.PKI Certificates & SSH
    • CSR DecoderDecode a PKCS#10 request — subject, key, requested SANs and attributes — and see what a CA will reject, entirely on this device.PKI Certificates & SSH
    • RSA Key GeneratorGenerate an RSA, EC or Ed25519 keypair in your browser and download it as PKCS#8 and SPKI PEM.PKI Certificates & SSH
    • ASN.1 DecoderRead any DER or BER blob as a tag, length and offset tree beside a synchronized hex view — entirely on this device.PKI Certificates & SSH
    • SSH Key GeneratorGenerate an SSH keypair on this device and copy the exact two artifacts SSH consumes: the authorized_keys line and the openssh-key-v1 file.PKI Certificates & SSH

    Encryption & PGP

    • AES Encrypt / DecryptEncrypt or decrypt text and files with AES-GCM, CBC or CTR — the passphrase and the data never leave this device.Encryption & PGP
    • RSA Encrypt / DecryptEncrypt a short message with an RSA public key and decrypt it with the private key — RSA-OAEP, entirely on this device.Encryption & PGP

    Web Security

    • CSP GeneratorBuild a Content-Security-Policy directive by directive — with real nonce and hash sources, a Report-Only toggle and the server snippet for it.Web Security
    • CSP EvaluatorPaste a policy and read what the browser will enforce, what it will ignore, and every weakness it leaves open — each finding with its CSP Level 3 clause.Web Security
    • Security Headers ExplainerPaste a response header block and read its security posture header by header — present, missing or weak, each verdict citing its spec.Web Security
    • SRI Hash GeneratorHash a script or stylesheet and get the integrity= attribute the browser checks — computed on this device, never uploaded.Web Security
    • CORS TesterDescribe the request, paste the response headers, and see exactly which CORS check the browser fails — on this device.Web Security
    • CORS Header GeneratorEmit a complete CORS configuration for nginx, Apache, Express or Caddy — preflight, Vary: Origin and credentials handled — or read the headers you already have.Web Security

    SAML OAuth & OIDC

    • SAML DecoderPaste a SAML blob from a browser trace and read it — both bindings auto-detected, assertion semantics extracted, entirely on this device.SAML OAuth & OIDC
    • PKCE GeneratorMint a PKCE code_verifier and its S256 code_challenge on this device — RFC 7636 lengths, and a verify mode for a pair you already have.SAML OAuth & OIDC

    Regex

    • Regex Tester (JavaScript)Test JavaScript regular expressions live — highlighted matches, groups and replace preview, entirely on this device.Regex
    • Regex ExplainerRead someone else's JavaScript regular expression token by token — every group, quantifier and flag spelled out, entirely on this device.Regex
    • Regex VisualizerSee the shape of a regular expression: branches, loops and groups drawn as a railroad diagram you can download as SVG — entirely on this device.Regex
    • Regex Patterns LibraryBrowse copy-paste regex patterns — pragmatic and strict variants, CI-verified match tables and six-language usage for each.Regex
    • Email RegexThe email regex that tells the truth — pragmatic and RFC 5321 strict variants, fifteen CI-verified rows and the live tester preloaded.Regex
    • Phone Number RegexThe E.164 phone regex pair — an optional-plus gate and the strict international form, with honest libphonenumber advice and live testing.Regex
    • IP Address RegexOctet-accurate IPv4 matching — 999.1.1.1 fails; leading-zero-tolerant and canonical variants with CI-verified rows and the live tester.Regex
    • URL RegexA pragmatic http(s) link gate and a strict host-checking variant — CI-verified match rows, six language spellings, live tester preloaded.Regex
    • Date Regex (YYYY-MM-DD)The ISO date shape gate plus a range-checking strict variant — honest about calendars, CI-verified, preloaded in the live tester.Regex
    • Numbers-Only RegexDigits-only validation settled — the five-character gate plus a canonical-integer strict variant, CI-verified rows and live testing.Regex
    • Password RegexLookahead password policies explained honestly — 8-plus and strict 12-plus four-class gates, NIST caveats, safe on-device testing.Regex
    • UUID RegexUUID validation by layout and by meaning — a case-insensitive 8-4-4-4-12 gate plus a version-and-variant strict form, CI-verified.Regex
    • IPv6 RegexFull-form and ::-compressed IPv6 matching per RFC 4291 — the library's honest inversion, CI-verified rows, live tester preloaded.Regex
    • Regex Cheat SheetLook up any JavaScript regex construct — syntax, meaning and a worked example whose result this page computes, with the tester right above the table.Regex
    • Regex Replace & ExtractRun your own pattern over a whole body of text — replace across it, extract every match, or keep only matching lines, entirely on this device.Regex

    Time, Date & Scheduling

    • Cron Expression Parser / ExplainerExplain any cron expression in plain English — per-field validation and the next 10 runs in any timezone, with DST flags — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Expression GeneratorPick minutes, hours and days visually and get a correct cron expression with plain-English read-back — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Quartz Cron ToolParse and build Quartz cron expressions — seconds, year field, ? L W # tokens — with next fire times in any timezone, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • AWS EventBridge Cron ToolValidate AWS cron() and rate() schedules with EventBridge's real rules — ? required, 1 = Sunday, UTC firing — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Jenkins Cron ToolValidate and explain Jenkins build schedules — H hash tokens, aliases and TZ lines — with honest run windows, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Spring Cron ToolParse and validate Spring @Scheduled 6-field cron — seconds first, ? equals *, 0 or 7 = Sunday — with next runs in any timezone, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Systemd OnCalendar ConverterTurn a crontab schedule into systemd OnCalendar syntax with a ready-to-install .timer unit — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Examples LibraryBrowse copy-paste cron schedules — live next runs and Quartz, AWS, Kubernetes and GitHub Actions forms for each.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every 5 MinutesThe five-minute cron line ready to paste — */5 * * * * with live next runs and the Quartz, AWS, Kubernetes and GitHub Actions forms beside it.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every 30 MinutesHalf-hourly cron settled — */30 * * * * with live next runs, the 0,30 twin spelling, and every scheduler dialect on one page.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every HourTop-of-hour cron at a glance — 0 * * * * with live next runs, the @hourly macro, and each dialect's form ready to copy.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every Day at MidnightThe daily midnight line — 0 0 * * * with live next runs, whose-midnight caveats and all four dialect forms ready to paste.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every MondayMonday cron without numbering doubt — 0 0 * * 1 previewed live, with the Sunday-first dialects called out explicitly.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every Weekday at 9amWeekday-morning cron — 0 9 * * 1-5 with live next runs, the whose-9am question answered honestly, and every dialect form.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron First of the MonthMonth-start cron — 0 0 1 * * with live next runs, the @monthly macro and each scheduler's spelling ready to copy.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Last Day of the MonthNo classic one-liner exists — the honest 28–31 date-guard recipe with live next runs, plus the Quartz and EventBridge L forms.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Every 90 MinutesNinety minutes takes two cron lines — the exact interleaved pair with live next runs, or one EventBridge rate rule.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Crontab File ValidatorLint an entire crontab file — env lines, schedules, % gotchas, missing trailing newline — with per-line errors, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Cron Timezone ConverterConvert a cron schedule to another timezone — DST handled honestly with dated dual expressions, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Unix Timestamp ConverterConvert epoch timestamps to human dates and back — unit auto-detected, exact to the nanosecond, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • ISO 8601 / RFC 3339 FormatterPaste any date or epoch and read it in every standard form at once — offset decoded, standards checked, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Timezone ConverterConvert a date and time between timezones and line up a meeting across cities — DST-aware, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Date Difference CalculatorCount the days between two dates — both conventions labeled, inclusive and exclusive — with weekday-only counts and a calendar breakdown, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Time Duration CalculatorTurn hh:mm:ss, unit words or ISO 8601 durations into every unit at once — or sum a whole list — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Week Number ToolSee the ISO week number for today or any date — US convention beside it — and turn a week number back into its Monday–Sunday dates, on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Date Add / Subtract CalculatorShift a date by years, months, weeks, days, hours or minutes — end-of-month clamping stated, never guessed — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Age CalculatorExact age in years, months and days from a date of birth — Feb 29 and month-end policies stated, never silently picked — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Strftime / Format Cheat SheetEvery strftime token with an engine-rendered example, portability columns and a live format preview — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Working Days / SLA CalculatorWorking-day counts and SLA deadlines over a calendar you control — weekend sets, paste-in holiday lists, counting conventions stated — entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling
    • Discord Timestamp GeneratorTurn a date, epoch or pasted <t:…> code into all seven Discord timestamp styles — previewed in your zone, entirely on this device.Time, Date & Scheduling

    Web & HTTP

    • HTTP Status Codes ReferenceEvery HTTP status code with its meaning, RFC citation, cacheability and handler snippets — searchable instantly, entirely on this device.Web & HTTP
    • HTTP Headers ReferenceEvery HTTP header field with its status, RFC clause and direction — plus builders for Cache-Control, CSP, HSTS and CORS values, all on this device.Web & HTTP
    • Curl to Code ConverterPaste a curl command and read back idiomatic client code in 12 languages — parsed on this device, with every unsupported flag named.Web & HTTP
    • Curl Command BuilderTurn a form into a correct curl command — POSIX-quoted values, per-flag explanations, and a round-trip check — entirely on this device.Web & HTTP
    • HAR File ViewerOpen a .har capture and read the waterfall, per-phase timings, sizes and failures — the file never leaves this device.Web & HTTP
    • URL Parser / InspectorSee every component of any URL — host in punycode and Unicode, decoded query table, homograph check — entirely on this device.Web & HTTP
    • Query String to JSONTurn any query string into structured JSON and back — bracket nesting, array conventions and + handling made explicit — entirely on this device.Web & HTTP
    • User-Agent ParserDecode any user-agent string — or 100,000 log lines — into browser, OS and device fields with bots called out, entirely on this device.Web & HTTP
    • What Is My User AgentSee the user-agent string this browser sends, parsed into browser, OS and device — with screen, locale and Client Hints, read on this device.Web & HTTP
    • MIME Type LookupFind the right Content-Type for any file extension — every known extension, compressibility and copyable server config, straight from mime-db.Web & HTTP
    • Basic Auth Header GeneratorBuild the exact Authorization: Basic line from a username and password — or read one back — with RFC 7617 checks on this device.Web & HTTP

    Network, DNS & IP

    • DNS LookupLook up a domain's DNS records from the browser: you run the named resolver's request yourself, and the answer is decoded here.Network, DNS & IP
    • DMARC Record GeneratorCompose or check DMARC, SPF and DKIM records with the risky terms named and the SPF lookup count shown — on this device, with nothing resolved.Network, DNS & IP
    • IPv4 Subnet CalculatorEvery subnet number from one IP and prefix — with the binary math shown, and /31 and /32 handled correctly — entirely on this device.Network, DNS & IP
    • Visual Subnet CalculatorSplit any IPv4 block into a tree, join siblings back, and see what each cloud provider actually reserves — entirely on this device.Network, DNS & IP
    • MAC Address Vendor LookupPaste a MAC in any notation and get the IEEE-registered assignee, the block that covers it, and an honest answer when no vendor exists — on this device.Network, DNS & IP
    • Port Number ReferenceType a port number and see every service the IANA registry lists for it across TCP, UDP and SCTP — plus what really runs there.Network, DNS & IP

    CSS Tools

    • CSS Gradient GeneratorCompose linear, radial and conic gradients with multi-stop editing and copy modern CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Box Shadow GeneratorCompose layered CSS box-shadows with live light and dark preview and a smooth-shadow wizard — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Border Radius GeneratorDesign asymmetric 8-value corners and organic blob shapes against a live preview and copy working CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Clip-path GeneratorDraw a clip-path with draggable points on a live preview and copy the CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Glassmorphism GeneratorDesign frosted-glass CSS with live backdrop blur over a busy preview — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Cubic Bezier GeneratorDrag an easing curve, preview the motion and copy cubic-bezier() — plus a modern linear() spring & bounce generator — on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS Animation GeneratorBuild a @keyframes timeline, tune the animation shorthand and preview it live, then copy working CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Flexbox Playground / GeneratorToggle every flexbox container and item property against a live preview and copy working CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Grid Generator / PlaygroundBuild grid tracks and named template areas against a live preview and copy working CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Aspect Ratio CalculatorReduce any width and height to its simplest ratio and copy modern aspect-ratio CSS — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Px to Rem ConverterPx ↔ rem at any root font size — single values, whole CSS blocks, and a live 1–100 px table — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS clamp() CalculatorTurn min and max sizes at two viewports into a correct rem-based clamp() expression, with the math shown — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Fluid Type Scale GeneratorTurn a base size, viewport range and modular ratio into a fluid clamp() type scale, exported as CSS custom-property tokens — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • Font Stack GeneratorPick a system or web-safe font stack, preview it in your own fonts, and copy a font-family value with a guaranteed fallback — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS FormatterFormat messy or minified CSS, SCSS or LESS to editor-consistent Prettier output — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS MinifierMinify CSS with an honest size report — raw, minified and gzip bytes — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS ValidatorValidate CSS and see syntax errors, unknown properties and bad values with line and column — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS Specificity CalculatorSee the (a,b,c) specificity of any selector, compare two to learn which wins, with a per-token breakdown — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS to Tailwind ConverterPaste CSS and map each declaration to Tailwind utility classes, with every unmapped declaration listed honestly — entirely on this device.CSS Tools
    • CSS StatsAnalyze a whole stylesheet on this device: rule, selector and declaration counts, a specificity graph, unique colors and font sizes, and !important totals.CSS Tools

    Color Tools

    • Color ConverterPaste any CSS color and read every notation at once — HEX, RGB, HSL, OKLCH, LAB and more — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • OKLCH Picker / ConverterPick perceptual OKLCH colors and watch the sRGB and Display-P3 gamut boundaries instead of discovering the clip later — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • Contrast CheckerCheck any two colors against the WCAG 2 contrast ratios for normal text, large text and UI components — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • APCA Contrast CheckerCompute the APCA Lc value for a text and background pair, with polarity, the font size and weight lookup, and the WCAG 2 ratio beside it — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • Tints & Shades Scale GeneratorTurn one brand color into an even 50–950 shade ramp interpolated in OKLCH — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • Color Blindness SimulatorPreview a palette or an image as protanopia, deuteranopia and tritanopia render it — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • Image Palette ExtractorExtract the dominant colors from any image with share percentages, plus a pixel-exact eyedropper — entirely on this device.Color Tools
    • Named CSS Colors ReferenceAll 148 CSS named colors with hex, rgb, hsl and oklch, plus contrast against white and black — entirely on this device.Color Tools

    SVG Tools

    • SVG OptimizerRun SVGO with every toggle explained, measured before/after bytes and a real diff — entirely on this device.SVG Tools
    • SVG to JSX ConverterTurn SVG markup into a React or React Native component — attributes mapped, nothing uploaded.SVG Tools
    • SVG to CSS EncoderEncode an SVG into a url() data URI for background-image, mask-image or a custom property — url-encoded, xmlns-checked, entirely on this device.SVG Tools
    • SVG Viewer and EditorSee any SVG render beside its markup — viewBox and aspect ratio resolved, every script, handler and external reference named, entirely on this device.SVG Tools
    • SVG to PNG ConverterRasterize SVG markup to a PNG at any size, scale or background — rendered by your own browser, never uploaded.SVG Tools
    • Blob GeneratorGenerate a seeded SVG blob, wave or pattern and copy the exact markup — entirely on this device.SVG Tools

    HTML & Markup

    • HTML FormatterPretty-print messy or minified HTML into clean, editor-consistent Prettier output — entirely on this device.HTML & Markup
    • HTML MinifierCollapse the whitespace a browser ignores while the whitespace it renders survives — pre, textarea and inline-tag gaps intact, every removal listed and measured.HTML & Markup
    • HTML Entities ReferenceFind the HTML code for any symbol — the named reference, its Unicode name, and its decimal and hex spellings, entirely on this device.HTML & Markup
    • Meta Tag GeneratorBuild a paste-ready <head> block — title, description, canonical and robots — with conflict checks, entirely on this device.HTML & Markup
    • Open Graph PreviewCompose Open Graph and Twitter card tags and preview the card locally — nothing is fetched, nothing uploaded.HTML & Markup
    • HTML Table GeneratorLay out a table in a grid and get accessible markup — captions, header scopes and spans — entirely on this device.HTML & Markup
    • HTML to JSX ConverterTurn HTML into a React component or a Pug template — attributes mapped to React props, entirely on this device.HTML & Markup
    • HTML to Text ConverterTurn HTML into readable plain text with block structure preserved and entities decoded — entirely on this device.HTML & Markup
    • Schema Markup GeneratorFill a typed form and get a valid JSON-LD script block for eight schema.org types, with required fields checked — entirely on this device.HTML & Markup

    JavaScript & TypeScript

    • JavaScript BeautifierBeautify messy or minified JavaScript and JSX into clean, editor-consistent Prettier output — entirely on this device.JavaScript & TypeScript
    • JS MinifierMinify JavaScript with Terser and read an honest size report — original, minified and gzip bytes — entirely on this device.JavaScript & TypeScript
    • JavaScript ObfuscatorObfuscate JavaScript to deter casual reading — not encryption — entirely on this device.JavaScript & TypeScript
    • TypeScript to JavaScriptStrip TypeScript types to plain JavaScript as you type — interfaces, generics and annotations gone, your syntax untouched — entirely on this device.JavaScript & TypeScript
    • Keycode / KeyboardEvent InspectorPress any key to see event.key, event.code and legacy keyCode with location and modifier state — entirely on this device.JavaScript & TypeScript
    • Big-O Cheat SheetLook up the time and space complexity of every common data structure and sorting algorithm — best, average and worst case, entirely on this device.JavaScript & TypeScript

    Favicons & App Icons

    • Favicon GeneratorTurn one image into the complete modern favicon set — ICO, SVG, Apple touch and PWA icons, manifest and HTML — entirely on this device.Favicons & App Icons
    • Favicon from Text / EmojiType a letter or emoji, pick shape and colors, and download the complete modern favicon set — generated entirely on this device.Favicons & App Icons
    • Web Manifest GeneratorFill in name, colors, display mode and icons and get a valid site.webmanifest plus the link tag — built entirely on this device.Favicons & App Icons
    • App Icon Set GeneratorDrop one 1024px image and download every iOS and Android icon size — Contents.json and mipmap folders included, nothing uploaded.Favicons & App Icons

    Server Config & SEO Files

    • Robots.txt Tester (Paste)Check whether a URL is allowed or blocked for any crawler by pasted robots.txt rules — with the deciding rule quoted, entirely on this device.Server Config & SEO Files
    • Robots.txt GeneratorCompose robots.txt groups, paths and sitemap lines from a form, then read the parser's report on the emitted file before you copy it — entirely on this device.Server Config & SEO Files
    • Llms.txt GeneratorBuild an llms.txt index for your site — title, summary and curated link sections — entirely on this device.Server Config & SEO Files
    • Htaccess Redirect GeneratorBuild .htaccess redirect rules — bulk 301/302 maps plus HTTPS, www and trailing-slash canonicals — with paths escaped and rule order checked.Server Config & SEO Files
    • Ads.txt Generator & ValidatorGenerate and validate IAB Tech Lab compliant Authorized Digital Sellers (ads.txt) files — entirely on this device.Server Config & SEO Files
    • Caddyfile GeneratorGenerate modern Caddy web server configurations with automated HTTPS, reverse proxy forwarding, compression, and security headers.Server Config & SEO Files

    Docker

    • Docker Run to Compose ConverterConvert docker run commands into a modern compose.yaml with a flag-by-flag conversion report — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Compose to Docker Run ConverterTurn compose services back into docker run commands with a flag-by-flag conversion report — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Compose to Kubernetes ConverterConvert a compose file into Kubernetes manifests with Kompose-compatible semantics — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Dockerfile LinterLint a Dockerfile against 27 hadolint-compatible rules with line-anchored findings — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Dockerfile GeneratorPick a stack, choose the options, get a commented multi-stage Dockerfile — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Dockerignore GeneratorGenerate clean, production-shaped .dockerignore files with stack presets to shrink build contexts and protect secrets.Docker
    • Compose Validator / FormatterValidate and format compose.yaml against the official compose-spec schema — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Docker Healthcheck GeneratorGenerate robust Dockerfile HEALTHCHECK and docker-compose health probes with presets for Node, Postgres, Redis, and MySQL — entirely in your browser.Docker
    • Docker EXPOSE vs Ports ExplainerUnderstand container port exposure, host publishing (-p), interface binding, and firewall implications — entirely on this device.Docker
    • Docker Image Name Parser & FormatterParse, decompose, and format OCI and Docker image references into canonical registry, namespace, and tag components — entirely on this device.Docker

    Kubernetes

    • Kubernetes CronJob HelperEdit a CronJob schedule with a live plain-English readout, timezone-aware next runs and a ready-to-apply manifest — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes Manifest GeneratorFill a guided form, get schema-validated Deployment, Service and Ingress YAML — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes YAML ValidatorCheck manifests against strict per-kind Kubernetes schemas with line-anchored findings — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes Resource CalculatorTurn usage numbers into requests, limits and quota YAML with the QoS class explained — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes RBAC Viewer & Role BuilderVisualize Kubernetes Role and ClusterRole permissions as a security matrix or build least-privilege RBAC YAML safely in your browser.Kubernetes
    • Kubectl Command BuilderCompose kubectl commands task-first and keep the cheat sheet at hand — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes Secret Base64 ToolEncode and decode Secret values with the YAML wrapper handled and the newline trap defused — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • API Deprecation CheckerFind deprecated apiVersions in pasted manifests and get the exact replacement — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Pod QoS Class CheckerDeduce Kubernetes QoS classes (Guaranteed, Burstable, BestEffort) and node eviction priorities from container resource specs — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes Taints & Tolerations SimulatorSimulate pod scheduling against tainted nodes, verify matching logic, and output clean toleration YAML — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Pod CIDR PlannerPlan Kubernetes Cluster Pod CIDR topologies, calculate max node capacity, subnet slices, and address exhaustion limits — entirely on this device.Kubernetes
    • Kubernetes Label Selector TesterTest equality-based and set-based Kubernetes label selector queries against pod metadata with matched resource breakdowns — entirely on this device.Kubernetes

    Git & Version Control

    • Git Undo Commit & Command BuilderPick the task, get the exact git command — with safety labels and a verify step.Git & Version Control
    • Gitignore GeneratorMulti-select your stacks and get one merged, deduplicated .gitignore — with every rule explained, not just dumped.Git & Version Control
    • Conventional Commits HelperCompose a spec-correct Conventional Commits message from a form — or paste one and lint it with commitlint-compatible checks.Git & Version Control
    • Semver ToolkitValidate versions, compare precedence, test npm ranges — caret vs tilde made explicit — and calculate bumps.Git & Version Control
    • Changelog GeneratorPaste git log output, get a grouped CHANGELOG.md section — Conventional Commits sorted into Features, Fixes and Breaking Changes.Git & Version Control
    • Git Config GeneratorGenerate an optimized .gitconfig with identity, default branch, pull rebase, and time-saving aliases.Git & Version Control
    • Gitattributes GeneratorGenerate cross-platform .gitattributes configurations with normalized line endings, Git LFS tracking, and binary guards.Git & Version Control
    • Git Branch Naming Rule Builder & ValidatorCompose and validate git branch names against team conventions and git-check-ref-format syntax rules — entirely on this device.Git & Version Control
    • Git URL ConverterConvert Git repository URLs instantly between SSH, HTTPS, and Web formats with organization and repository parsing.Git & Version Control

    CI/CD

    • GitHub Actions Cron HelperCompose a correct on.schedule cron for GitHub Actions — local time to UTC, DST duality, next runs and YAML — entirely on this device.CI/CD
    • GitHub Actions Workflow GeneratorCompose a workflow YAML from triggers, a stack preset and jobs — with GitHub's real constraints checked as you build.CI/CD
    • GitLab CI Generator / ValidatorBuild a .gitlab-ci.yml from stages, jobs and rules — or paste yours and validate it against the GitLab CI schema.CI/CD
    • Dependabot Config GeneratorBuild a valid dependabot.yml — ecosystems, directories, schedules, groups and ignore rules — without memorizing the options reference.CI/CD
    • CI Workflow Validator (Multi-CI)Paste a CI workflow and validate it against its vendored SchemaStore schema — GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, CircleCI and more.CI/CD
    • CODEOWNERS File GeneratorBuild production-grade CODEOWNERS files for GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket with path rules and team handles — entirely on this device.CI/CD
    • Pre-Commit Config GeneratorBuild production-grade .pre-commit-config.yaml hook configurations with curated multi-language presets — entirely on this device.CI/CD

    Linux & CLI

    • Chmod CalculatorConvert file permissions between checkbox, octal and symbolic forms, decode ls -l strings, and copy the exact chmod command — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • Systemd Unit GeneratorFill in what your service does and get a .service unit with each directive explained and cited — built entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • Sed TesterWrite a sed script, paste your text, and watch every address, substitution and hold-space command run on this device.Linux & CLI
    • Awk TesterRun real awk on your own text in this tab — fields, BEGIN/END, printf and arrays, with stdout, stderr and the exit code shown.Linux & CLI
    • Tar Command BuilderPick the task and get the exact tar command — quoted for POSIX shells, with bsdtar and GNU tar shown separately where they differ.Linux & CLI
    • Find Command BuilderDescribe what you are looking for and get the find command, with every predicate explained and the destructive actions marked.Linux & CLI
    • Rsync Command BuilderPick the sync you mean and get the rsync command — the -a flags spelled out, the dangerous ones marked, and a dry run offered first.Linux & CLI
    • FFmpeg Command BuilderPick the job — convert, extract audio, scale, trim, GIF, compress or strip metadata — and copy the ffmpeg command; nothing is transcoded on this page.Linux & CLI
    • OpenSSL Command BuilderPick a PKI job and read off the exact openssl line — every flag explained, quoting handled, and nothing executed on this page.Linux & CLI
    • Bash Parameter Expansion ExplainerEvery ${…} form — defaults, substrings, pattern removal, substitution — with what it does, which bash added it, and a worked example.Linux & CLI
    • Exit Code & Signal ReferenceYour process exited 137 — this page says what killed it, how the 128+N signal band works, and where macOS and Linux numbering differs.Linux & CLI
    • Bash getopts Script BuilderScaffold POSIX-compliant, error-hardened Bash CLI scripts with getopts option parsing and help menus — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • Bash Test Operators ReferenceInteractive reference for Bash conditional test operators: file, string, and integer comparisons in [ ... ] and [[ ... ]].Linux & CLI
    • ANSI Color Codes & Terminal FormatterInteractive ANSI escape sequence generator for terminal styling, 16/256/TrueColor palettes, and code snippets — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • Linux Sysctl & Ulimit Tuner ReferenceInteractive kernel tunables reference for sysctl.conf and limits.conf covering network performance and memory — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • SSHD Hardening Config GeneratorGenerate production-grade, CIS and Mozilla compliant OpenSSH server (sshd_config) hardening configurations.Linux & CLI
    • Linux /etc/fstab Generator & ValidatorGenerate and validate Linux /etc/fstab mount entries with persistent UUIDs, mount options, and boot safety linting — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • Linux iptables & UFW Rule GeneratorGenerate secure iptables, UFW, and nftables firewall rules with stateful connection tracking and rate limiting — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI
    • SSH / SCP Command BuilderConstruct syntactically validated, flag-optimized SCP and Rsync remote copy commands with port, key, and protocol options — entirely on this device.Linux & CLI

    SQL & Databases

    • SQL FormatterPretty-print or minify SQL across 13 dialects with configurable style — entirely on this device.SQL & Databases
    • SQL to ER DiagramTurn CREATE TABLE DDL into a crow's-foot ER diagram — keys, foreign-key cardinality and SVG export, entirely on this device.SQL & Databases
    • Connection String BuilderBuild or parse PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB, Redis, SQL Server and JDBC connection strings with correct percent-encoding — entirely on this device.SQL & Databases
    • SQLite Viewer / PlaygroundOpen a .sqlite file, browse tables and run real SQL in your browser — SQLite compiled to WebAssembly, nothing uploaded.SQL & Databases
    • SQL-on-CSV Workbench (DuckDB)Run real SQL on CSV and Parquet files in your browser with DuckDB — joins, group-bys and window functions, nothing uploaded.SQL & Databases
    • SQL Syntax CheckerCheck SQL syntax per dialect — unbalanced quotes, clause order and dialect slips flagged with line and column, entirely on this device.SQL & Databases
    • EXPLAIN Plan VisualizerPaste EXPLAIN ANALYZE output and see the plan as a tree with per-node timing, rows and hot spots — entirely on this device.SQL & Databases
    • DDL to ORM ModelsConvert CREATE TABLE DDL into Prisma schema, SQLAlchemy models or TypeORM entities — with a cited type mapping, entirely on this device.SQL & Databases

    Text & Writing

    • Word / Character CounterLive word, character, sentence and byte counts with platform limit meters — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Case ConverterConvert text between UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, camelCase, snake_case and more — every variant at once, entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Text Diff / CompareCompare two texts or files side by side or inline — line, word or character granularity — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Remove Duplicate LinesDeduplicate any list with explicit case, trim and Unicode options — order preserved, removed lines auditable, entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Sort LinesSort any list alphabetically, naturally, numerically, by length, or shuffle it — locale-aware and stable, entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Line Break ToolsRemove, add, join or split line breaks — hard-wrapped paste to flowing text, columns to SQL IN lists — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Remove Extra Spaces (Whitespace Tools)Trim, collapse and normalize spaces, tabs, empty lines and invisible characters — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Text ReverserReverse any text by characters, words, each line, or line order — grapheme-safe, entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Upside Down TextFlip your text upside down or mirror it into copy-paste Unicode for social bios — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Slug GeneratorTurn any title into a clean URL slug — language-aware diacritics folding, batch mode with CSV — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Remove Accents & PunctuationStrip diacritics and punctuation from any text — independent toggles, base letters kept — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Word Frequency AnalyzerRank how often each word appears — case-folding, stopword and top-N filters, CSV export — entirely on this device.Text & Writing
    • Email / URL / Phone ExtractorPull every email, URL and phone number out of messy text — dedupe, count and copy each list, entirely on this device.Text & Writing

    Fake & Mock Data

    • Lorem Ipsum GeneratorGenerate placeholder text by paragraphs, sentences, words, or an exact character budget — entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data
    • Themed Ipsum GeneratorGenerate themed placeholder text — hipster, corporate, tech, pirate, or bacon — by paragraphs, sentences, or words, entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data
    • Fake Name GeneratorGenerate random names by locale and gender — seeded, reproducible, entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data
    • Fake Address GeneratorGenerate synthetic street addresses by locale — components and a formatted block, seeded and reproducible, entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data
    • Fake User Profile GeneratorGenerate a complete fake identity — name, email, avatar, address, phone, company — as a card or JSON, seeded and reproducible, entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data
    • Mock Data GeneratorBuild a schema and generate realistic fake data as CSV, JSON, SQL, or XML — seeded, reproducible, entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data
    • JSON Data GeneratorGenerate fake JSON from a small template of Faker tokens and repeat() — seeded, reproducible, entirely on this device.Fake & Mock Data

    Markdown & Docs

    • Markdown Editor + PreviewWrite Markdown beside a sanitized live preview with scroll that stays in sync — entirely on this device.Markdown & Docs
    • Markdown to HTML ConverterConvert GitHub-flavored Markdown to clean, sanitized HTML with a faithful preview — entirely on this device.Markdown & Docs
    • HTML to Markdown ConverterTurn HTML into GitHub-flavoured Markdown — headings, nested lists, code fences and pipe tables — with everything Markdown cannot say named and counted.Markdown & Docs
    • Markdown Table GeneratorBuild a GFM table in a visual grid — paste straight from Excel or Google Sheets — entirely on this device.Markdown & Docs
    • Markdown TOC GeneratorTurn your headings into a Markdown table of contents — GitHub and GitLab anchor styles side by side, entirely on this device.Markdown & Docs
    • README GeneratorPick the sections a project README needs, order them with the keyboard, and copy the Markdown — entirely on this device.Markdown & Docs
    • GitHub Badge GeneratorDesign a badge, watch it render here as SVG, and copy the shields.io URL or the ready-to-paste Markdown — nothing is fetched from this page.Markdown & Docs
    • GitHub Profile README GeneratorBuild the README for your username/username repo — sections, badges and stats-card links — previewed entirely on this device.Markdown & Docs
    • Mermaid Diagram PreviewType Mermaid diagram text, or paste a whole Markdown file and step through its mermaid fences — the renderer loads only when you ask it to.Markdown & Docs

    Unicode & Characters

    • String / Unicode InspectorBreak any string into per-character code points, categories, byte lengths and escapes — entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • Unicode Character LookupPaste a character, type U+2014 or search by name, and get its Unicode name, block, script, category and every escape spelling — all on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • Zalgo Text GeneratorTurn any text into zalgo — cursed, glitchy Unicode — by stacking combining marks, with up/mid/down intensity and a reproducible seed, entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • Fancy Text GeneratorTurn text into bold, italic, script, circled and fullwidth Unicode styles for social bios and usernames — every style at once, entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • Emoji PickerEvery Emoji 17.0 character, searchable by name, tag or shortcode — click to copy the emoji, its shortcode or its code points, entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • Invisible Character DetectorReveal and strip zero-width, bidi and other hidden characters — code point, name and position for every hit, entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • ASCII Table ReferenceEvery ASCII code 0–127 with its decimal, hex, octal and binary value, glyph and control-code name — searchable instantly, entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters
    • ASCII Art GeneratorTurn text into big ASCII-art banners with built-in monospace fonts — entirely on this device.Unicode & Characters

    Numbers & Units

    • Number Base ConverterConvert between binary, octal, decimal, hex and any base 2–36 — exact at any size, entirely on this device.Numbers & Units
    • Roman Numeral ConverterConvert Roman numerals to numbers and back — 1 to 3,999 in standard form, entirely on this device.Numbers & Units
    • Data Size ConverterConvert MB, GB and TB across SI (1000) and binary IEC (1024) units — exact to the last digit, entirely on this device.Numbers & Units
    • Download Time CalculatorEnter a file size and a transfer rate — Mbps or MB/s — and get the download time with the bits-vs-bytes math shown, entirely on this device.Numbers & Units
    • IEEE-754 Float InspectorSee any float's sign, exponent and mantissa bits and its exact decimal value — 32-bit or 64-bit, entirely on this device.Numbers & Units
    • Bitwise CalculatorRun AND, OR, XOR, NOT and shifts on integers in any base at 8-64 bit width — entirely on this device.Numbers & Units
    • Percentage CalculatorPercent of a number, what percent one value is of another, percent change, and adding or subtracting a percentage — worked exactly on this device.Numbers & Units

    QR & Barcodes

    • QR Code GeneratorTurn any link or text into a permanent, static QR code — crisp SVG or high-resolution PNG, no signup, no expiry, entirely on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • WiFi QR Code GeneratorType your network name and password and get a printable WiFi QR code guests can scan to join — generated entirely on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • vCard QR Code GeneratorTurn contact details into a QR code that saves straight to the address book — vCard 3.0, generated entirely on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • SMS QR Code GeneratorCreate a QR code that opens a prefilled text message — number and body set by you, generated entirely on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • Email QR Code GeneratorCreate a QR code that opens a prefilled email — address, subject and body set by you, generated entirely on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • Location QR Code GeneratorTurn coordinates into a QR code that opens the point in any map app — geo: URI, generated entirely on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • Event QR Code GeneratorCreate a QR code that adds an event to the calendar — title, time and place in a standard VEVENT, generated on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • QR Code ReaderDrop a photo or point your camera and read any QR code — decoded on this device with open-source ZXing, never uploaded.QR & Barcodes
    • Barcode GeneratorPick a symbology, type your data and download a print-ready barcode — check digits computed and validated on this device.QR & Barcodes
    • Bulk QR GeneratorUpload a CSV and download a ZIP of QR codes — one per row, named by your chosen column, generated entirely in your browser.QR & Barcodes

    Miscellaneous

    • Phone Number FormatterPaste a number, pick a region, and read every canonical form plus number type and an honest valid-or-possible verdict — parsed entirely on this device.Miscellaneous

    Infrastructure & Cloud

    • HCL / Terraform Converter + FormatterConvert HCL to JSON and format Terraform files with the real HashiCorp HCL library — compiled to WebAssembly, running locally.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • AWS IAM Policy GeneratorCompose an IAM policy statement by statement — actions, resources and conditions — with the JSON structure checked as you build.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • IAM Policy Explainer / LinterPaste an IAM policy and read it in plain English — statement by statement — with wildcard and risk findings, each one cited.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • AWS S3 Bucket Policy GeneratorGenerate secure AWS S3 bucket policies for HTTPS enforcement, CloudFront OAC, and IP whitelisting — entirely on this device.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • AWS S3 CORS Configuration GeneratorGenerate AWS S3 CORS configurations in JSON and XML for web apps, SPAs, and cross-origin uploads — entirely in your browser.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • Terraform Backend Block GeneratorGenerate secure remote state backend blocks for AWS S3, GCS, Azure, and HCP Terraform with locking and encryption.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • Terraform Version Constraint HelperEvaluate Terraform pessimistic (~>) operators, test candidate versions, and build required_providers blocks.Infrastructure & Cloud
    • Terraform tfvars GeneratorParse variables.tf declarations and scaffold clean terraform.tfvars or JSON files with comments and default values.Infrastructure & Cloud

    Realtime WS & SSE

    • WebSocket TesterCompose frames, script replies and step a WebSocket session on this device — with the handshake key computed and every close code decoded.Realtime WS & SSE
    • Socket.IO TesterDecode any Socket.IO wire packet into type, namespace, ack id and args — or build one from an event form — right on this device.Realtime WS & SSE
    • SSE / EventSource TesterPaste a raw text/event-stream transcript and see every event parsed by the spec grammar — then replay it with real timing, all on this device.Realtime WS & SSE

    APIs & Protocols

    • OpenAPI Validator & ViewerLint a Swagger 2.0 or OpenAPI 3.x spec against spec-cited rules and browse it as docs — findings jump to the exact line, entirely on this device.APIs & Protocols
    • Swagger 2 to OpenAPI 3 ConverterUpgrade a Swagger 2.0 spec to OpenAPI 3.0 with every mapping shown — servers, requestBody, components — without the spec leaving this device.APIs & Protocols
    • OpenAPI Mock Response GeneratorTurn the schemas in your OpenAPI spec into realistic example payloads — seeded, deterministic and format-aware — without hosting anything.APIs & Protocols
    • OpenAPI to Client SnippetsPick any operation in your OpenAPI spec and get a ready request snippet — fetch, axios, curl or Python requests — parameters and auth placeholders included.APIs & Protocols
    • GraphQL FormatterFormat or minify GraphQL queries and SDL with a canonical printer — errors pinned to line and column, entirely on this device.APIs & Protocols
    • GraphQL Schema VisualizerSee your GraphQL schema as an interactive type graph — fields, relations and reachability from Query — from pasted SDL or introspection JSON.APIs & Protocols
    • GraphQL to TypeScriptGenerate TypeScript types from GraphQL SDL — objects, inputs, enums, unions and operation result types — with nullability mapped exactly.APIs & Protocols
    • gRPC Status Codes ReferenceAll 17 gRPC status codes with meaning, retry guidance, common causes and per-language constants — searchable instantly on this device.APIs & Protocols
    • Webhook Signature VerifierRecompute a Stripe, GitHub or Slack webhook signature from the raw payload and your secret — and see exactly why it does or does not match.APIs & Protocols

    NoSQL

    • SQL to MongoDB ConverterTranslate SQL SELECT statements into MongoDB find() or aggregation pipelines for mongosh — entirely on this device.NoSQL
    • Mongo Query FormatterFormat MongoDB shell queries with ISODate, ObjectId and NumberLong kept intact — where plain JSON formatters choke, entirely on this device.NoSQL
    • Redis Command ReferenceSearch every Redis 7.2 command with syntax, complexity and since-version, and build common commands for redis-cli — entirely on this device.NoSQL
    • DynamoDB JSON ConverterConvert DynamoDB marshalled JSON to plain JSON and back — S, N, B, M, L and set types handled with number precision preserved, on this device.NoSQL

    Images & Media

    • Image Resizer / CropperResize, crop, rotate and flip any image to exact pixels or social presets — processed on this device, never uploaded.Images & Media
    • EXIF Viewer / StripperSee every EXIF tag in a photo — including GPS — and strip metadata losslessly. Photos are read on this device, never uploaded.Images & Media
    • OG Image GeneratorType a title, pick a template and export a pixel-exact 1200×630 Open Graph image — rendered entirely in your browser.Images & Media
    • Screenshot BeautifierDrop a screenshot, add a window frame, gradient background and shadow, and export a share-ready PNG — all on this device.Images & Media
    • Code Screenshot GeneratorPaste code, pick a theme and window style, and export a crisp PNG or SVG — highlighted and rendered entirely on this device.Images & Media

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